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- SN1 substitution occur more readily:
- for tertiary > secondary >> primary, methyl alkyl halides, alcohols,
or epoxide centers,
- in polar protic solvents,
- with acid catalyst,
- with scrambling of the configuration of chiral centers,
racemization, if there is no neighboring group effect.
- SN2 substitution occur more readily:
- for methyl > primary > secondary >> tertiary, neopentyl alkyl
halides or epoxide centers,
- in polar aprotic solvents,
- with bases,
- with inversion of configuration of chiral centers, stereoselectivity.
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Nucleophilic Substitution