The following are ¹H NMR spectra of isomers of C₄H₁₀O.
To determine the structure of each:

1. Use the cyclomatic formula to determine how many rings plus unsaturations this molecular formula corresponds to. Knowing of the possibility of rings and unsaturations is a great start!
2. Determine how many different types of protons appear in each spectrum. Remember that equivalent or enantiotopic protons have the same chemical shift where as diastereotopic and constitutional heterotopic protons should have different chemical shifts. The chemical shift values may help you determine what type of protons you have, e.g. a methyl at < 1 ppm, but remember that anisotropy messes everything up.
3. Measure the height of the integration curves with a ruler to estimate the ratio of each type of proton.
   1. Multiply your ratios, e.g. 1:1:3, by the same number so that the sum of each type equals 10.
   2. You may have to round up or down to get whole numbers because of improper phasing.
4. Assign the multiplicity or splitting of each proton signal to determine how many hydrogen neighbors each set of protons has.
   1. Singlet means no neighbors.
   2. Doublet means one.
   3. Triplet means two.
   4. N equals N-1 neighbors.